Microsoft 建议您使用 Windows 子系统 Linux（WSL）和 Bash 来进行 Ruby 开发。WSL 是 Windows 10 的一项功能，可让您在 Windows 上运行本机 Linux 命令行工具。许多 Ruby 库设计为在 Linux 上运行，并且在 Windows 上运行时可能会出现问题。
以项目：
https://github.com/yigger/jiezhang/releases/download/open-source-v1/backend-rails.zip为例
# 在 Windows 上安装 Bash，启用 Developer 模式
首先，在您的计算机上启用 Developer 模式。为此，请打开 “设置” 应用，选择 “ 更新和安全”，然后在侧栏中选择 “ 开发人员” 条目。然后检查开发人员模式选项并接受提示，要求您验证此更改。
# 启用 Subsystem For Linux
打开 “控制面板” 并选择 “ 程序”。然后选择打开或关闭 Windows 功能。在显示的组件列表中，选中 Windows Subsystem For Linux（Beta）选项。然后单击 “ 确定” 并等待 Windows 安装其他组件，这可能需要几分钟时间。系统将提示您重新启动计算机以确保正确配置所有新组件。
# 重启后输入 bash 进行命令行安装
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19042.1288] | |
(c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. | |
C:\Users\jalchu>bash | |
Windows Subsystem for Linux has no installed distributions. | |
Distributions can be installed by visiting the Microsoft Store: | |
https://aka.ms/wslstore | |
C:\Users\jalchu> |
# 安装 ubuntu
根据上面提示自行去 Microsoft app store 下载，一般会选择下载 ubuntu 命令行进行安装，安装时会设置用户名和密码，安装后重新输入 bash 测试
# 使用该 gpg 命令联系公钥服务器并请求 RVM 项目的密钥
使用该 gpg 命令联系公钥服务器并请求 RVM 项目的密钥，该密钥用于对每个 RVM 版本进行签名。如果报 gpg: keyserver receive failed: No name 尝试切换其他 server 获取
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ gpg --keyserver hkp://pgp.mit.edu --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB | |
82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB | |
gpg: /home/jalchu/.gnupg/trustdb.gpg: trustdb created | |
gpg: key 105BD0E739499BDB: public key "Piotr Kuczynski <piotr.kuczynski@gmail.com>" imported | |
gpg: Total number processed: 1 | |
gpg: imported: 1 |
# 安装 rvm
sudo apt-get install software-properties-common | |
sudo apt-add-repository -y ppa:rael-gc/rvm | |
sudo apt-get update | |
sudo apt-get install rvm | |
sudo usermod -a -G rvm $USER |
# 重启下命令行，测试 rvm
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ rvm -v | |
rvm 1.29.12 (manual) by Michal Papis, Piotr Kuczynski, Wayne E. Seguin [https://rvm.io] | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ |
# rvm install ruby 报日志目录权限问题
尝试执行下面几个命令后好转
rvmsudo rvm get stable --auto-dotfiles | |
rvm fix-permissions system | |
rvm group add rvm $USER | |
rvm fix-permissions system | |
rvm fix-permissions user | |
rvm fix-permissions |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ rvm install ruby | |
Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time. | |
Found remote file https://rvm_io.global.ssl.fastly.net/binaries/ubuntu/20.04/x86_64/ruby-3.0.0.tar.bz2 | |
Checking requirements for ubuntu. | |
Installing requirements for ubuntu. | |
Updating system.... | |
Installing required packages: libncurses5-dev, libgmp-dev, libssl-dev....... | |
Requirements installation successful. | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #configure | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #download | |
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current | |
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed | |
100 26.7M 100 26.7M 0 0 4881k 0 0:00:05 0:00:05 --:--:-- 6341k | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #validate archive | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #extract | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #validate binary | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #setup | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #gemset created /usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0@global | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #importing gemset /usr/share/rvm/gemsets/global.gems.................................. | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #generating global wrappers........ | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #gemset created /usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-3.0.0 | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #importing gemsetfile /usr/share/rvm/gemsets/default.gems evaluated to empty gem list | |
ruby-3.0.0 - #generating default wrappers........ | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ ruby -v | |
ruby 3.0.0p0 (2020-12-25 revision 95aff21468) [x86_64-linux] | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ pwd | |
/mnt/c/Users/jalchu | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ nano hello.rb # 输入 puts "Hello, world!" | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ ls hello.rb | |
hello.rb | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ ruby hello.rb | |
Hello, world! | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ |
# rubymine 添加 Ruby SDK and Gems，New remote，选择 WSL，选择刚刚自己 WSL 里 ruby 的路径
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ whereis ruby | |
ruby: /usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-3.0.0/bin/ruby /mnt/d/ruby/Ruby27-x64/bin/ruby.exe |
# rubymine 根据提示信息 install gem 失败，版本报错
ruby_dep-1.5.0 requires ruby version >= 2.2.5, ~> 2.2, which is incompatible with the current version, ruby 3.0.0p0
卸载 3.0.0p0，安装 2.7.2
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ rvm uninstall 3.0.0p0 | |
ruby-3.0.0p0 - #already gone | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ rvm install 2.7.2 | |
Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time. | |
Found remote file https://rvm_io.global.ssl.fastly.net/binaries/ubuntu/20.04/x86_64/ruby-2.7.2.tar.bz2 | |
Checking requirements for ubuntu. | |
Requirements installation successful. | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #configure | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #download | |
% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current | |
Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed | |
100 21.3M 100 21.3M 0 0 4800k 0 0:00:04 0:00:04 --:--:-- 5083k | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #validate archive | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #extract | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #validate binary | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #setup | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #gemset created /usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.7.2@global | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #importing gemset /usr/share/rvm/gemsets/global.gems.................................. | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #generating global wrappers........ | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #gemset created /usr/share/rvm/gems/ruby-2.7.2 | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #importing gemsetfile /usr/share/rvm/gemsets/default.gems evaluated to empty gem list | |
ruby-2.7.2 - #generating default wrappers........ | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ ruby -v | |
ruby 2.7.2p137 (2020-10-01 revision 5445e04352) [x86_64-linux] | |
jalchu@DESKTOP-4S53KD0:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu$ rvm -v | |
rvm 1.29.12 (manual) by Michal Papis, Piotr Kuczynski, Wayne E. Seguin [https://rvm.io] |
# bundle install 安装 mysql 报错
An error occurred while installing mysql2 (0.5.3), and Bundler cannot continue.
参考：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45474191/an-error-occurred-while-installing-mysql2-0-4-8-and-bundler-cannot-continue
执行：sudo apt-get install libmysqlclient-dev
# bundle install 安装 rmagick 报错
An error occurred while installing rmagick (2.13.4), and Bundler cannot continue.
参考：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21901657/an-error-occurred-while-installing-rmagick-2-13-2-and-bundler-cannot-continue/21901885
执行：sudo apt-get install imagemagick libmagickcore-dev libmagickwand-dev
# gem bundle install 后就可以启动 ruby 项目啦
# rails 项目启动报错
Uncaught exception: Could not find a JavaScript runtime. See https://github.com/rails/execjs for a list of available runtimes.
参考： https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs/issues/71
执行： sudo apt-get install nodejs
# rails 项目启动报错
Uncaught exception: Operation now in progress - connect(2) would block
参考：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58918869/ruby-on-rails-operation-now-in-progress-connect2-would-block
执行：sudo apt install redis-server
启动 redis server
# 启动项目后日志
C:\Windows\system32\wsl.exe --distribution Ubuntu --exec /bin/sh -c "export HOME=/home/jalchu && export RUBYMINE_TESTUNIT_REPORTER='/mnt/d/rubymine/RubyMine 2020.3.4/plugins/ruby/rb/testing/patch/testunit' && export WSL_DISTRO_NAME=Ubuntu && export TEAMCIY_RAKE_TU_AUTORUNNER_PATH=/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/test-unit-3.3.4/lib/test/unit/autorunner.rb && export SHELL=/bin/sh && export LOGNAME=jalchu && export WSLENV='' && export HOSTTYPE=x86_64 && export ANSICON='' && export TERM=xterm-256color && export NAME=DESKTOP-4S53KD0 && export RUBYLIB='/mnt/d/rubymine/RubyMine 2020.3.4/plugins/ruby/rb/testing/patch/common:/mnt/d/rubymine/RubyMine 2020.3.4/plugins/ruby/rb/testing/patch/rake:/mnt/d/rubymine/RubyMine 2020.3.4/plugins/ruby/rb/testing/patch/testunit:/home/jalchu/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/gems/debase-2.3.2/lib:/home/jalchu/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/gems/ruby-debug-ide-2.3.1/lib' && export TEAMCITY_RAKE_RUNNER_USED_FRAMEWORKS=':test_unit :shoulda ' && export USER=jalchu && export PWD='/mnt/d/rubymine/RubyMine 2020.3.4/jbr/bin' && export PATH='$PATH:/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.2/bin:/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.2/bin:/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/bin:/home/jalchu/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/mnt/d/vmware/bin/:/mnt/c/Program Files/Python36/:/mnt/c/Program Files/Python36/Scripts/:/mnt/c/Program Files (x86)/Common Files/Oracle/Java/javapath:/mnt/c/Windows/system32:/mnt/c/Windows:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/Wbem:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/WindowsPowerShell/v1.0/:/mnt/c/Windows/System32/OpenSSH/:/mnt/d/xftp/:/mnt/d/xshell/:/mnt/c/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_291/bin:/mnt/d/git/Git/cmd:/mnt/d/nodejs/:/mnt/d/instantclient/instantclient_12_2:/mnt/d/go/bin:/mnt/c/Program Files/dotnet/:/mnt/d/putty/:/mnt/d/ruby/Ruby27-x64/bin:/mnt/d/ruby/Ruby27-x64/bin:/mnt/d/ruby/Ruby30/bin:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu/AppData/Local/Microsoft/WindowsApps:/mnt/d/vscode/Microsoft VS Code/bin:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu/AppData/Roaming/npm:/mnt/d/bandizip/:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu/go/bin:/mnt/c/Users/jalchu/.dotnet/tools' && export LANG=C.UTF-8 && export RM_INFO=RM-203.8084.28 && export TEAMCITY_RAKE_RUNNER_MODE=idea && export TEAMCITY_RAKE_TU_TESTRUNNERMADIATOR_PATH=/usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.7.0/gems/test-unit-3.3.4/lib/test/unit/ui/testrunnermediator.rb && export SPRING_SERVER_COMMAND='spring server' && cd /mnt/d/pycharm/workspace/rms/rms-rubyend/jiezhang-back-open && /usr/share/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.7.2/bin/ruby /home/jalchu/.gem/ruby/2.7.0/gems/ruby-debug-ide-2.3.1/bin/rdebug-ide --key-value --step-over-in-blocks --disable-int-handler --evaluation-timeout 10 --evaluation-control --time-limit 100 --memory-limit 0 --rubymine-protocol-extensions --port 64020 --host 0.0.0.0 --dispatcher-port 64021 -- /mnt/d/pycharm/workspace/rms/rms-rubyend/jiezhang-back-open/bin/rails server -b 0.0.0.0 -p 3000 -e development" | |
Fast Debugger (ruby-debug-ide 2.3.1, debase 2.3.2, file filtering is supported, block breakpoints supported, smart steps supported, obtaining return values supported, partial obtaining of instance variables supported) listens on 0.0.0.0:64020 | |
=> Booting WEBrick | |
=> Rails 5.1.7 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000 | |
=> Run `rails server -h` for more startup options | |
config.eager_load is set to nil. Please update your config/environments/*.rb files accordingly: | |
* development - set it to false | |
* test - set it to false (unless you use a tool that preloads your test environment) | |
* production - set it to true | |
[2021-11-03 04:37:02] INFO WEBrick 1.6.0 | |
[2021-11-03 04:37:02] INFO ruby 2.7.2 (2020-10-01) [x86_64-linux] | |
[2021-11-03 04:37:02] INFO WEBrick::HTTPServer#start: pid=1272 port=3000 |
参考：
1.https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1354726 （配置 WSL-dev mode 和开启 WSL）
2.https://rvm.io/rvm/install
3.https://rvm.io/rvm/security （替换 gpg host）
4.https://github.com/rvm/ubuntu_rvm
5.https://rvm.io/rubies/installing （降低版本到 2.7.2）
